Pourquoi les marques de mode utilisent-elles des âinfluenceurs virtuelsâ?
Ils apparaissent dans les Ă©vĂ©nements les plus exclusifs dans lâunivers de la mode, portent des
vĂȘtements de marques de luxe et ont des millions de followers sur Instagram, mais ils nâexistent
pas dans la vie réelle, ils sont des influencés virtuels.
En 2016, Instagram a vu apparaĂźtre des profils de ârobotsâ crĂ©Ă©s numĂ©riquement qui sont
actuellement cataloguĂ©s comme âinfluenceurs virtuelsâ. Lâaspect physique de ces influences est
presque humain, et on dit presque que malgré leur apparence similaire à la nÎtre, ces modÚles ne
semblent pas avoir de défauts physiques et nous pouvons encore les différencier des humains car
on peut reconnaßtre encore des caractéristiques robotiques. Ils publient leurs routines
quotidiennes, prennent des photos dans des restaurants qui existent dans la vie réelle et prennent
des positions politiques.
Mais ce ne sont pas des profils qui représentent la vie des humains du commun, ces profils
reprĂ©sentent la vie dâun influencer, ils disent visiter des lieux et invitent leurs followers Ă les visiter,
ils disent utiliser des produits et aprĂšs ils les recommandent, ils portent toujours les articles et les
vĂȘtements des derniĂšres collections des marques et ils font mĂȘme partie de leurs campagnes
publicitaires.
Parfois, ils assistent à des événements comme Coachella et ils interrogent de vrais humains,
comme quand LilMiquela, chanteuse et influenceuse virtuelle a âinterviewĂ©â J Balvin. Dans la
vidĂ©o, le chanteur affirme: « Câest un plaisir de te rencontrer, enfin, je tâai cherchĂ© partout, mais
câest compliquĂ© de te voirâ, une rĂ©ponse assez crĂ©ative bien que le modĂšle, pour des raisons
Ă©videntes, il nâa jamais Ă©tĂ© lĂ avec lui.
Lâapparition de ce type de profils sur les rĂ©seaux sociaux a gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© un nouveau type dâinteraction :
des ĂȘtres humains qui commentent les publications dâun de ces influenceurs, sachant ou non quâils
sâadressent Ă un robot, ils Ă©crivent commentaires tel que: tu es superbe ! Tu as trouvĂ© le collier
que tu as perdu Ă Coachella ? ou comment as-tu pris cette photo ?
Parmi les plus connus figurent Miquela Sousa (@lilmiquela), @blawko22 et Shudu Gram
(@Shudu.gram). La plupart dâentre eux ont des photos ou des vidĂ©os avec des cĂ©lĂ©britĂ©s,
principalement du monde du divertissement, de la musique et de la mode, certains dâentre eux ont
mĂȘme participĂ© Ă des campagnes publicitaires de marques comme Balmain ou Calvin Klein.
Le business
Si ces influenceurs nâexistent pas physiquement, qui est derriĂšre eux? Le profil de Lil Miquela a Ă©tĂ©
créé en 2016 par un collectif américain appelé Brud, utilisant la technologie CGI (Computer
Generated Imagery). Le projet sâest avĂ©rĂ© Ă©conomiquement viable grĂące Ă la monĂ©tisation des
vidéos sur YouTube, à la présence sur des plateformes de streaming, aux contrats pour couvrir
des événements, mais surtout aux campagnes publicitaires.
De nombreuses marques ont conclu des contrats publicitaires avec ce type dâinfluenceurs. En
2018, le designer français Olivier Rousteing a lancé pour Balmain une campagne publicitaire
prĂ©sentant âLa Marine Balmainâ, un groupe de trois influences virtuelles portant lâimage de la
marque.
La publication a reçu plus de 37000 jâaime et de nombreux commentaires. Certains jugent
lâincapacitĂ© de la marque Ă trouver des modĂšles rĂ©els, dâautres, au contraire, admirent le progrĂšs
technologique ou simplement la nouveauté de la proposition.
Il existe aussi un autre type de campagnes publicitaires, celui oĂč les influenceurs numĂ©riques
apparaissent Ă cotĂ© des ĂȘtres humains, se tenant lâun Ă lâautre, se regardant et mĂȘme
sâembrassant. Nous lâavions dĂ©jĂ vu dans les films de fiction, mais pas encore sur les rĂ©seaux
sociaux, oĂč nous assumons souvent comme rĂ©el tout ce que nous voyons.
Par exemple, en mai dernier, la campagne de Calvin Klein pour Instagram a inclus le modĂšle Bella
Hadid, qui a été numérisé pour la campagne et qui est apparu dans une vidéo embrassant
lâinfluenceuse virtuelle Lil Miquela. « La vie est un rĂȘve. Le robot de 19 ans #LilMiquela brouille les
lignes de la vérité et la belle fiction avec #BellaHadid », est écrit sur le post.
Encore une fois, les réactions ne se sont pas fait attendre et cette publication qui avait un lien
direct pour lâachat des produits de la marque a fini par avoir plus de 380000 vues, plus de 1200
commentaires et plus de 83000 likes.
Article original en espagnol publié par le magazine Diners
https://revistadiners.com.co/moda/69713_por-que-las-casas-de-moda-estan-usando-influencers-
creados-por-computador/
Auteur: Maria Catalina Zamora VerĂč
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